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Then find someone that you enjoy doing it with

Posted by Unknown Wednesday, December 25, 2013 0 comments

Then find someone that you enjoy doing it with - a friend, your dog or do it on your own and make it your time to focus on your body and empty your mind!
If you are just too tired to exercise, try just walking around the block everyday, maybe twice a day. Then increase the number of times around the block as your energy builds and your stamina increases. There may be days when even this is too much. On those days, simply honour the messages from your body, without being hard on yourself, and give your body the love and rest it needs.
Now lets look briefly at the emotional side of the immune building story. Research has shown that immune response is affected by emotions. Simply put, you can think of the immune system - its strength and vitality - as a reflection of your emotional state. Everyone has heard stories of people dying after their loved ones pass away, otherwise known as dying of a broken heart. Well it may be more accurate to say they died of a depressed immune system. Studies have shown the link between specific negative emotions and the immune response. The most detrimental emotions are feelings of hopelessness or helplessness, like feeling trapped or stuck, with no control over the outcome of events. The next article in this series will address the emotional side of healing in more detail but in summary the more hope, the more joy, the more love and laughter you can bring into your life during your healing journey the more you are encouraging and stimulating your immune system.
I started meditating about 15 years ago. The first and most impressive benefit I experienced was the boost in my immune system that the meditation facilitated through the deep rest it provides. I went from having back to back colds to feeling healthy and almost never getting sick. Over the years, I also noticed that when I did get an occasional cold, it do not knock me out. I experienced only minor symptoms and they passed quickly.
With Wi-Ex YX230 zBoost experience more miles of clear sound calls without any interruption. This small device is able to extend cellular signal to 10 times the signal strength, dual band supported and can work with almost every phone to provide improved data and voice service and requires no physical connection with your phone.

Meter Adaptor With Symmetrical Input

Posted by Unknown Tuesday, October 8, 2013 0 comments

In contrast to an ordinary voltmeter, the input of an oscilloscope generally has one side (GND) connected to ground via the mains lead. In certain situations this can be very problematic. When the measuring probe is connected to a circuit that is also connected to ground, there is a chance that a short is introduced in the circuit. That the circuit, and hence the measurement, is affected by this is the least of your problems. If you were taking measurements from high current or high voltage (valve equipment) circuits, the out-come could be extremely dangerous! Fortunately it is not too difficult to get round this problem.

All you have to do is make the input to the oscilloscope float with respect to ground. The instrumentation amplifier shown here does that, and functions as an attenuator as well. The AD621 from Analog Devices amplifies the input by a factor of 10, and a switch at the input gives a choice of 3 ranges. A ‘GND’ position has also been included, to calibrate the zero setting of the oscilloscope. The maximum input voltage at any setting may never exceed 600 VAC. Make sure that R1 and R8 have a working voltage of at least 600 V. You could use two equal resistors connected in series for these, since 300 V types are more easily obtainable.

Meter Adapter With Symmetrical Input circuit schematic

You should also make sure that all resistors have a tolerance of 1% or better. Other specifications for the AD621 are: with an amplification of 10 times the CMRR is 110 dB and the bandwidth is 800 kHz. If you can’t find the AD621 locally, the AD620 is a good alternative. However, the bandwidth is then limited to about 120 kHz. The circuit can be housed inside a metal case with a mains supply, but also works perfectly well when powered from two 9V batteries. The current consumption is only a few milliamps. You could also increase R9 to 10 k to reduce the power consumption a bit more.

5 3W Amplifier With Surround System

Posted by Unknown Monday, September 30, 2013 0 comments

The AN7147 Dual 5.3-watt Audio Power Amplifier from Panasonic is listed as a ‘replacement type’ so hopefully will be around for some time to come. Together with some extra components, it can represent a simple surround-sound system requiring no opamps or a negative voltage supply. As shown by the circuit diagram the basic stereo amplifier is changed into a surround-sound system by a trick called ‘adding feedback from the opposite channel’. When surround sound is required, the negative feedback signals supplied by C13-R3 and C12-R4 are fed to the inputs of the ‘other’ amplifier. The resulting phase difference causes the surround effect. If surround sound is not required, the effect can be disabled by pressing push-button S1.

Circuit diagram :

5.3W Amplifier With Surround System Circuit Diagram

This causes the bistable built around IC2.A and IC2.B to toggle and drive transistors T1 and T2 such that the above mentioned negative feedback signals are effectively shunted to ground. A high-efficiency LED and a 3.3-kΩ series resistor (R14) should be used to make sure the maximum output current of the CMOS 4001 device is not exceeded. The amplifier should not be loaded with impedances smaller than 3Ω. The AN7147 will typically supply up to 4.3 watts into 4 Ω. The SIL-12 case needs to be cooled wit a small heatsink of about 6 K/W or better. The quiescent current is modest at just 19 mA.

Source : www.extremecircuits.net

Halogen Lamp Dimmer With Soft Start

Posted by Unknown Sunday, September 29, 2013 0 comments

Most dimmers use pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the amount of power that is delivered to the lamp. Those that come bundled with a switch faceplate control the firing angle of a Triac on the 240V mains side. These work fine with resistive loads but may not be suitable for inductive loads such as low-voltage halogen lamp transformers. This circuit also employs PWM but it switches at a high frequency (22kHz) on the low-voltage side of the lamp transformer. This high frequency also simplifies EMI filtering. Furthermore, because this circuit is isolated from the mains by the transformer, it is relatively safe to build and install.

IC1 is a standard 555 astable oscillator with a high duty cycle. It produces a narrow negative-going pulse at its pin 3 output approximately every 45µs (ie, the frequency of oscillation is about 22kHz). These pulses trigger IC2, another 555 timer, this time wired as a variable monostable. IC2s pin 3 output is normally low which means that its internal discharge transistor is on and the 1nF capacitor on pins 6 & 7 is discharged. However, when the monostable is triggered (by IC1), its output goes high, the internal discharge transistor turns off and the 1nF capacitor charges via VR1 & VR2 until it reaches 2/3Vcc.

At this point, the output at pin 3 switches low again. Each time pin 3 of IC2 goes high, it turns on power Mosfet transistor Q1 which in turn switches on the lamp. Potentiometer VR2 is used to control the time it takes the 1nF capacitor to charge to the threshold voltage and thus sets the width of the output pulses. At maximum resistance, the pulse width is 55ms. This is longer that the 45ms period of oscillator IC1, and so IC2s pin 3 output is high for 100% of the time and the lamp operates with maximum brightness. Now consider what happens if the monostables period is shorter than the astables.

Halogen lamp dimmer with soft start circuit schematic

In this case, each time IC1s pin 3 output goes low, pin 7 of IC1 also goes low and discharges IC2s 1nF timing capacitor via D3. This retriggers the monostable. As a result, IC2 is triggered at a 22kHz rate and produces variable width pulses depending on the setting of VR2. Its output in turn pulses Q1 to control the lamp brightness. D2 isolates IC1s timing circuitry from IC2s. VR1 is used to set the minimum lamp brightness when VR2 is at minimum resistance. If this control is not required, VR1 can be replaced with a 1.8kO resistor. The 220µF capacitor on pin 5 of IC2 provides a soft-start facility to prolong lamp life.

Initially, when power is first applied, the 220µF capacitor is discharged and this lowers the threshold voltage (which is normally 2/3Vcc). That in turn results in shorter pulses at the output. As the 220µF capacitor charges, the threshold voltage gradually increases until the circuit operates "normally". For the prototype, Q1 was a BUK553-60A, rated at 60V, 20A & 75W. Q1s maximum on-state resistance is 0.1O, so switching a 4A lamp load results in a maximum power dissipation of 1.6W. The bridge rectifier comes in at around 5W and so both should be mounted on suitable heatsinks.

The power dissipation in the bridge rectifier can be reduced by using power Schottky diodes rated at 5A or more. The output of 555 timer IC2 is capable of directly driving several Mosfets (up to four in tests). Note, that if the Mosfet is going to be some distance from the 555, it will be necessary to buffer it. Power for the control circuitry is derived from 3-terminal regulator REG1 which produces an 8V rail. This in turn is fed from the output of the bridge rectifier via diode D1.

Exit Sign With Battery Protection

Posted by Unknown Wednesday, September 25, 2013 0 comments

This circuit substitutes two white Luxeon 1W Star LEDs for the inverter and fluorescent tube in a standard battery-backed illuminated exit sign, as used in commercial premises. While the Luxeons have less light output than a standard small fluorescent tube, their directional light is quite adequate for the purpose and they do result in less current drain from the battery. However, the use of a 6V SLA battery for this application means that it can be completely discharged if the 240VAC mains supply is absent for a long period, as can happen when the power to vacant premises is switched off. Such a complete discharge will effectively destroy the battery and must be avoided. This circuit achieves this by switching off Q1 & Q2 when the battery voltage falls below 5.5V, as set by trimpot VR1. For voltages below 5V, the current drain falls to below 200µA.

Exit sign with battery protection circuit schematic

Simple ON OFF Touch Switch with 555 Schematic

Posted by Unknown Sunday, August 11, 2013 0 comments

This simple ON OFF touch switch circuit is based on the well known timer IC 555 (IC1), which drives a relay that acts like a switch. The metal surfaces can have what form we want, but it should be clean and very close to the circuit.

Touch plate MP1 in order to close the contact of relay RL1 [ON], or plate MP2 in order to open the contact of RL1 [OFF]. The Led D2 turns on when the contacts of RL1 are closed. Two small pieces of metal can be used as sensor plates.

555 ON/OFF Touch Switch Schematic

Simple ON OFF Touch Switch with 555 Schematic

Parts List
R1 = R2 = 3.3M
R3 = 10K
R4 = 1K
C1 = 10nF
D1 = 1N4007
Q1 = BC547
IC = NE555
12V relay

Build Intelligent Wire Loop Alarm Circuit With IC

Posted by Unknown Thursday, August 8, 2013 0 comments

Integrated circuit anti-theft alarm system, wire or other lack of a simple circuit. When the lack of wires or cords lacking. MOSFET, it is working or has input voltage at pin G and thus it has a high current flows through the pin D-S that Micro piezo siren was so loud.

Build Intelligent Wire Loop Alarm Circuit With IC

Part List

R1 100K 1/2W 1% Resistor
R2, R4 10K 1/2W 1% Resistor
R3 1 Meg 1/2W 1% Resistor
C1, C3 0.1uF Ceramic Disc Capacitor
C2 0.01uF Ceramic Disc Capacitor
IC1 4001UBE Quad 2-i/p NOR Gate
Q1 MPSA14 Low Power NPN Transistor
SIREN Micro piezo siren 12V DC 150mA, 110dB @ 1M
LOOP See “Notes”

The loop can be any type of hookup wire, with a maximum resistance of about 90K. Using very thin wire (40AWG, for example) will make a very sensitive trip wire, but will shorten the distance it can be strung due to the high resistance.

The siren can be replaced with a relay to drive external load

24V DC Powered Beeper with 4 Separate Inputs

Posted by Unknown Wednesday, August 7, 2013 0 comments

24v DC is a very popular voltage used in industrial settings. This hobby circuit below was designed to accept four different 24v DC alarm input signals, which are then used to drive a single low power beeper. The beeper is a magnetic type with its own oscillator/driver. The four diodes form an “OR” gate so any one of the four inputs will cause the beeper to make noise. A CMOS version of the popular 555 timer is used to strobe the beeper on and off at about 1Hz.

24V DC Powered Beeper with 4 Separate Inputs

Source :Streampowers

1994 Volvo 850 Turbo Change the ECU with A Non Turbo ECU Parts

Posted by Unknown 0 comments

When the ecu of my 1994 Volvo 850 Turbo was showing some bad readings about the knock sensors, I picked and pulled the old ecu and got a new ecu from a 1993 volvo 850 non turbo. Is it possible for an ECU from a turbo car to replace ecu from a non turbo car? Thanks.

Answer: No. The turbo creates a significant change, since the engine compression is changed significantly.
VVT
A/F Ratio
Wastegate control
Banked injection
Would be different or missing from the ECU. The knock sensor sends signals when the A/F mixture pre-detonates before it can be ignited by the spark plug, and the computer corrects it with VVT. You need to buy the correct ECU.

Build 20W MOSFET Power Amplifier Circuit with IFR9520 IFR520

Posted by Unknown Saturday, April 13, 2013 0 comments

As we are like to indicate you about audio and sound circuit ,I found the circuit which is just right one for energy amplifier with one MOSFET.

The output power of an operational amplifier is regularly elevated by way of a complementary emiter follower.

$\"20W$

20W energy amp MOSFET

It can be carried out with a MOSFET,but it's not a excellent suggestion to join the type of instrument as a complementary souce follower because the maximum output voltage of the opamp is then decreased extensively by way of the gate-source keep a watch on voltage of the MOSFET ,which can be a few volts.

Another method is to join two MOSFETs as a complementary drain follower.The (alternating) output current provided by using the MOSFETs is limited by way of the stage of the provision voltages and the saturateion voltages of T3 and T4 Resistor R8,together with R9,provides comments for each the opamp and MOSFETs .

The open-loop amplification of the opampis,therefore,increased via (1+R8/R9).the closed-loop amplification of the entire amplifier is (1+R3/R2).

The present source shaped by using T1 and T2 is required for arreanging the quiescent present of T3 and T4 at 50 mA.The values of resistors R4 and R5 are such that,without the present supply the voltage drop throughout the resistor because of the direct present in the route of the opamp is not enough to change on T3 and T4 .with the present supply,and depending on the surroundings of P1,the voltages across R4 and R5 upward push,which increases the quiescent present by means of T3 and T4.

In view of the temperature dependence of the quiescent present,T2 must be hooked up on the popular heat sink(c. 5 K/W) of the MOSFETs.

The output power shouldn't be less than 20 W into 8 ohm,at which level the harmonic distortion quantitys to zero.075 per cent at one hundred Hz to zero,135 per cent at 10 kHz.

Car Reversing Horn with Flasher

Posted by Unknown Friday, April 12, 2013 0 comments

Here is a simple circuit that starts playing the car horn whenever your car is in reverse gear. The circuit (refer Fig. 1) employs dual timer NE556 to generate the sound. One of the timers is wired as an astable multivibrator to generate the tone and the other is wired as a monostable multivibrator.

Circuit diagram :
Simple Car-Reversing Horn with Flasher- Circuit Daigram

Simple Car-Reversing Horn with Flasher- Circuit Daigram

Fig. 1: Car reverse horn Circuit Diagram

Working of the circuit is simple. When the car is in reverse gear, reverse-gear switch S1 of the car gets shorted and the monostable timer triggers to give a high output. As a result, the junction of diodes D1 and D2 goes high for a few seconds depending on the time period developed through resistor R4 and capacitor C4. At this point, the astable multivibrator is enabled to start oscillating. The output of the astable multivibrator is fed to the speaker through capacitor C6. The speaker, in turn, produces sound until the output of the monostable is high.

When the junction of diodes D1 and D2 is low, the astable multivibrator is disabled to stop oscillating. The output of the astable multivibrator is fed to the speaker through capacitor C6. The speaker, in turn, does not produce sound.

Assemble the circuit on a general-purpose PCB and enclose in a suitable cabinet. Connect the circuit to the car reverse switch through two wires such that S1 shorts when the car gear is reversed and is open otherwise. To power the circuit, use the car battery.

The flasher circuit (shown in Fig. 2) is built around timer NE555, which is wired as an astable multivibrator that outputs square wave at its pin 3. A 10W auto bulb is used for flasher. The flashing rate of the bulb is decided by preset VR1.

Flasher-circuit diagram

Fig. 2: Flasher Circuit Diagram

Assemble the circuit on a general-purpose PCB and enclose in a suitable cabinet. The flasher bulb can be mounted at the cars rear side in a reflector or a narrow painted suitable enclosure.

EFY note. A higher-wattage bulb may reduce the intensity of the headlight. You can enclose both the car-reversing horn and flasher circuits together or separately in a cabinet in your car.

Source : http://www.ecircuitslab.com/2011/06/car-reversing-horn-with-flasher.html

35Watt ICs amplifier with STK4065

Posted by Unknown Sunday, April 7, 2013 0 comments

Amplifier circuit using ic STK4065 above that which the amplifier circuit uses only ic, or also could be called this series do not have equality in the use of ic. Power amplifier output power 35Watt supplied with a voltage of 13.5 volts DC. Impedance of the output is 8 ohms. that can be applied to the speaker subwoofer, woofer, and fullrange.

Component list :
R1 = 2,2R
R2 = 2,2R
C1 = 1uF
C2 = 100uF
C3 = 100uF
C4 = 220uF
C5 = 470uF
C6 = 0.47uF
C7 = 220uF
C8 = 33pF
C9 = 220uF
C10 = 33pF
C11 = 0.47uF
U1 = STK4065

Battery Switch With Low Dropout Regulator

Posted by Unknown Saturday, April 6, 2013 0 comments

In the form of the LT1579 Linear Technology (www.linear-tech.com) has produced a practical battery switch with an integrated low-dropout regulator. In contrast to previous devices no diodes are required. The circuit is available in a 3.3 V version (LT1579CS8-3.3) and in a 5 V version (LT1579CS8-5), both in SO8 SMD packages. There is also an adjustable version and versions in an SO16 package which offer a greater range of control and drive signals. The main battery, whose terminal voltage must be at least 0.4 V higher than the desired output voltage, is connected to pin IN1. The backup battery is connected to pin IN2. The regulated output OUT can deliver a current of up to 300 mA. The LDO regulator part of the IC includes a pass transistor for the main input voltage IN1 and another for the backup battery on IN2.

Battery_Switch_With_LDO_Regulator_Circuit_Diagramw

The IC will switch over to the backup battery when it detects that the pass transistor for the main voltage input is in danger of no longer being able to maintain the required output voltage. The device then smoothly switches over to the backup battery. The open-drain status output BACKUP goes low to indicate when this has occurred. When neither battery is able to maintain the output voltage at the desired level the open-drain output DROPOUT goes low. The LT1579 can operate with input voltages of up to +20 V from the batteries. The regulator output OUT is short-circuit proof. The shutdown input switches off the output; if this feature is not required, the input can simply be left open.